Von Klitzing, Dorda and Pepper find that the Hall conductance of a two-dimensional electron gas at low temperature jumps in integer multiples of e2/h as an external magnetic field is increased. The discovery of this quantum Hall effect (QHE) is closely followed by Tsui, Stormer and Gossard’s observation of the fractional QHE, in which excitations have fractional charge.
About Hall Effect and Quantum Hall Effect:
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